If your web browser formats this page incorrectly, try viewing the page source. In netscape 4, click the view menu, then click page source. User root can read, write, and delete any file and directory; root does not need read or write priviledges; even if the permissions are set to ---------, where no one has read or write permission. In other words, root always has read and write permission for every file, directory, device, etc. root also has execute permission for every directory. Execute permission for files owned by root depends on what the file permissions are set to. I did not check execute permissions for files not owned by root, or execute permissions for devices, pipes, etc.